Theses

This paper explores Peter Paul Rubens’ use of mirrors and the gaze in his depictions of women, particularly in Venus at a Mirror. While mirrors in art have long been associated with vanity and the idealization of female beauty, Rubens’ approach complicates this tradition. By applying theories of the gaze from Foucault, Lacan, and Mulvey, this study examines how Rubens’ work engages with gender roles and power dynamics. While Rubens is often known for his sensualized portrayals of women, this paper investigates whether his use of mirrors subverts or reinforces dominant cultural norms. Through a close analysis of iconography, biography, and artistic context, this research sheds new light on Rubens’ representation of women and the function of mirrors in his visual narrative.